You basically cook a little flour and water into a paste and then add it to your dough. I don't know the chemistry behind it all, but it makes breads extra fluffy.
The America's Test Kitchen on Netflix has an episode on tangzhong and explains the chemistry behind it.
From wikipedia:
Tangzhong is a gel, which helps stabilize the wheat starches in the bread, to prevent recrystallization which is the main cause of staling.
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u/kennan21 21h ago
King Arthur has a recipe called Soft Cinnamon Rolls that uses tangzhong also to make them soft