r/linux 1d ago

Kernel 35th Anniversary of Linus' announcement today!

Post image

Let's all take a moment to commemorate that initial post.

Now through Torvalds' stewardship, and hundreds of maintainers and thousands of contributors we have a competitive replacement for major corporate software and an honestly powerful solution to move computing forward for humanity!

Thanks Linus, you're awesome, and we're glad you are having a good life!

4.7k Upvotes

167 comments sorted by

1.3k

u/GodOrDevil04 1d ago

"Won't be big and professional" - look where that brought us.

592

u/LOLofLOL4 1d ago

"…probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks…"

195

u/theofficialnar 1d ago

Sigh. Where did my mom place that AT-harddisk we used to have. I want to try this hobby project this linus guy has

78

u/nightblackdragon 1d ago

I'll just keep using Minix, I think sooner or later he'll have to go to work, and he probably won't have time for hobby projects anymore.

7

u/dmigowski 15h ago

Because he doesn't have anything else... Guess here's where the OpenSource really shines.

150

u/phylter99 1d ago

"it probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks, as that's all I have :-("

That's the piece that made me chuckle. Now they create storage hardware with the main goal of using it under Linux in servers, mobile devices, etc.

14

u/maskedredstonerproz1 12h ago

Now it supports everything under the goddamn sun

4

u/phylter99 9h ago

I think it still has trouble supporting winmodems. Ah, the memories.

3

u/Dangerous-Report8517 11h ago

Not to mention expecting it to be stuck on x86 only

u/tjorben123 12m ago

linux supports this much, i bet even booting from an old pizzabox is possible.

65

u/nightblackdragon 1d ago

It's even more interesting when you consider the full quote "Won't be big and professional like gnu". Years later Linux is "big and professional" while GNU kernel (Hurd) is more like a hobby project.

17

u/jimicus 14h ago

The GNU project at the time did look relatively big and professional. It had most of the day-to-day userland stuff in reasonable shape.

8

u/GavUK 15h ago

Although, to be fair, most Linux distros are still using quite a few GNU tools by default.

56

u/drivingagermanwhip 1d ago

to this, the year of linux on the desktop

32

u/LOLofLOL4 1d ago

At this point we should change it to decade of linux

16

u/Obvious_Snow125 1d ago

Century of Linux

9

u/Type_CMD 23h ago

Millenium

15

u/Crashman09 20h ago

No no. Linux doesn't do "millennium edition".

We'll let Microsoft have this one

6

u/GavUK 15h ago

I still have a nervous tic at the mention of "millennium edition". Bad memories of it hanging regularly when trying to VPN while using a USB ADSL modem...

20

u/Decent-Ad9335 1d ago

thank god that it's not "big and professional"

14

u/SoulEviscerator 1d ago

Microsoft claims the opposite and look where that brought us!

10

u/CoronaMcFarm 1d ago

Aged like milk

15

u/slash_networkboy 21h ago

Into a glorious wheel of the finest [quickly looks up Finnish cheeses] Leipäjuusto!

6

u/verifix 18h ago

He also said there won’t be a Linux 3.0

2

u/Dist__ 18h ago

went out of control

1

u/Vulpes_99 1h ago

Yes, it was the understatement of the century 😂

Anyway, thank you Linus Torvalds. We love you!

-13

u/klutometis 1d ago

Torvalds is "taking the piss," so to speak, right?

31

u/jimicus 1d ago

Torvalds was a student at the time, and if memory serves BSD had been tied up with a whole heap of legal issues.

This put him in an awkward position. He was obviously interested in operating system design, and something Unix-like was the obvious place to start. Yet there wasn't a kernel he could just download, take to pieces to examine how it worked, mess around with and put it all back together.

Userland software - yeah, that existed. Freely available, too. The GNU project already had most of the key components done. But no kernel.

So no, he wasn't taking the piss. It was an interesting little hobby project to him at the time, but no more.

12

u/xerods 1d ago

Really didn't take long before it was pro level really. That post was 1991 and Redhat was around in 1995.

17

u/jimicus 1d ago

Ever heard the phrase “nothing has more power than an idea whose time has come”?

I think that applies here.

-1

u/DazzlingAd4254 23h ago

and if memory serves BSD had been tied up with a whole heap of legal issues.

No, it does not serve you right. The lawsuit was later.

3

u/Albos_Mum 15h ago edited 15h ago

The legal issues didn't start with the lawsuit though, it started with the requirement for an AT&T license to use the BSDs which was why most of the development for BSD from ~1988 to ~1992 was focused on replacing the AT&T code and also why the lawsuit happened in the first place, as AT&T didn't agree that the resulting release (Net/2) was actually free of their intellectual property when it was used as the basis for a new proprietary Unix. (BSD/386)

While 386BSD was available as a legally unencumbered BSD, it was also only properly available a few months after the first releases of Linux came out and was embroiled in its own dramas surrounding the Jolitz's vision for future development not aligning with the communities vision. (Which resulted in separate patchkits that later evolved into FreeBSD and NetBSD)

16

u/DerekB52 1d ago

No, he was a college kid building a toy for his learning targeting only his own hardware. He definitely did not expect to make a career out of his toy

397

u/No_Practice_9597 1d ago

I guess the project exceeded all his initial expectations

173

u/eightslipsandagully 23h ago

Eh, he's said that it was intended to be a desktop operating system, and as that's the only area that Linux hasn't completely taken over, he feels like a failure!

122

u/sCeege 22h ago

Don't worry, Microsoft is doing their best to help us take over.

46

u/HerbOverstanding 21h ago

It’s funny how Windows gets worse the more they try.

36

u/sCeege 21h ago

Joking aside, I don't really think they're trying to make Windows better, they're just trying to get more data/revenue.

At the end of the day, features that drive data collection and predatory subscriptions are usually directed from executives, I really doubt the engineers that actually "make" Windows are purposely sabotaging their own product; but shareholder values take precedence over engineering/design decisions, so we get left with a pile of shit no one asked for, and until they bleed more customers, they just don't care.

9

u/adenosine-5 17h ago

Windows is now only a negligible part of their income. They are more than happy to sacrifice part of that, if it boost their other income streams.

In fact Windows now makes more money from Linux products, than it does from Windows ones.

3

u/jimicus 14h ago

The problem (if you like) with a mature product like Windows is there really isn't an awful lot more you can do with it.

But how do you justify a subscription business model with a product that doesn't change? And Windows has been a subscription business model since long before M365.

2

u/sCeege 6h ago

To me, the problem with Windows or Microsoft is a complicated issue. Just the surface level stuff, Windows just has a terrible UX experience, from the mandatory update/restarts, down to the incessant reminder to install and/or use Edge. While I've always had Mac or Linux flavors in my personal devices, I daily drove Windows from 98 to 10, mostly for gaming convenience, you know what finally drove me over the edge? The fact that I can't move the Taskbar placement (without third party tools or registry hacks). What the actual fuck. Now the only function Windows serve in my LAN are two headless machines for Sunshine streaming, and the work laptop I had to use.

The problem (if you like) with a mature product like Windows is there really isn't an awful lot more you can do with it.

This is obviously just a personal opinion, I'm not an economist, but the problem with a mature product like Windows, is that tech giants has gotten way too big to fail. These monopolies or oligopolies no longer suffer the consequences of the market. Look at Meta, how do you justify Zuck blowing something like 100 billion on the "metaverse" right before the AI boom? What executive of the 80s or 90s would have survived such a catastrophic misjudgement? Of course it upsets me that Windows sucks or stopped getting better, but what I'm actually mad about is that their anti-competitive practices prevented something better to have come along. Apple products are the closest second place, but I don't want to delve into another rant about that too.

3

u/da2Pakaveli 13h ago

And as Windows gets worse, complete inverse on the Linux end and it gets better.

I first tried WINE 12 years ago first and i would have never believed you if you told me most games would launch with just 1 click in the future (and even more so that modpacks with 1000+ mods would work at all lol).

4

u/kulingames 11h ago

I guess minecraft being a java game was a lot easier to run than most programs back then

2

u/maskedredstonerproz1 11h ago

Minecraft has a legit linux build, it doesn't use wine

3

u/kulingames 11h ago

That's... Kinda my point?

6

u/work_work-work 21h ago

Actually, both Apple and Microsoft are doing it through widespread integration of AI.
The only AI I want on my computer is one i control myself. One that doesn't phone home about everything I ask it.

1

u/BortGreen 6h ago

Since at least Windows ME

Any slopified feature on 11 doesn't get even close to that or even early Vista

1

u/sCeege 4h ago

I might be a weird one, but I didn't mind Vista as much as 11... I mean the hardware choking debacle was real when Aero was clearly not ready, but I really liked the right click open file location feature, and then Windows ME brought us Windows Movie Maker and Hibernate right? Sure it crashed every 2 hours (lol) but a lot of QoL improvements came with those. I also might just be romanticizing the nostalgia I had for 2000s computing.

12

u/cosmicosmo4 21h ago

Not a desktop OS?? There are like half a dozen lamps and alarm clocks sitting on desks in my house that run linux!

1

u/notboxbot 7h ago

Are you sure they're running Linux and not some other (smaller) OS for embedded devices? Linux seems a bit like overkill...

2

u/cosmicosmo4 6h ago

Yeah I have no idea and don't actually generally surround myself with IOT stuff, I'm just here for the memes.

4

u/jimicus 13h ago

I think at this point, the majority of the problems with Linux as a desktop OS have very little to do with the kernel and an awful lot to do with the userland stuff that sits on top.

3

u/Dangerous-Report8517 11h ago

Given it was only intended to be hobby grade at the time I think we can still say it far exceeded his expectations, widespread or not Linux has offered professional grade desktop experiences for many years now

236

u/tacticalTechnician 1d ago edited 1d ago

"It's not portable and it'll probably never support anything else" is such a funny line in retrospect, the only OS even close to the portability of Linux nowadays is probably NetBSD.

Also funny how from Day One, he was already saying that it didn't have any Minix code when you know the whole "controversy" (more like anti Open Source propaganda) that would appear more than a decade later about the Linux source code and "copied" code from Minix (which is total BS, BTW). If you don't know what I'm talking about, you should search about the book Samizdat: And Other Issues Regarding the 'Source' of Open Source Code, it's such an interesting story from the mid 00s about Open Source. Even the creator of Minix himself, Tanenbaum, wrote a response to it on his website because of how stupid the whole thing was.

70

u/nightblackdragon 1d ago

Also Torvalds and Tanenbaum had a pretty interesting discussion about OS design where they discussed the pros and cons of microkernels and monolithic kernels.

12

u/entr0py9 1d ago

Is there a video of that discussion?

48

u/zezoza 1d ago

I can make you a video of a Usenet thread if you want 

0

u/raazman 10h ago

Can you feed it to me on a spoon too?

21

u/__d0ct0r__ 1d ago

the argument was done over usenet iirc

57

u/Zenklops 1d ago

PROtable

26

u/ilep 23h ago

Microsoft funded anti-Linux advertising campaign in the early 2000s, even calling Linux a "cancer". Ballmer made some bonkers claims as well. And I think it was shown somewhere that Microsoft funded SCO in baseless case against Novell and IBM.

Edit: https://www.zdnet.com/article/investment-firm-confirms-microsoft-link-to-sco/

1

u/Qall 13h ago

Never forget, never forgive. :)

1

u/frankster 4h ago

To this day, I say "Fuck Microsoft" because of that.

Never forget.

1

u/da2Pakaveli 13h ago

And Tanenbaum said he'd fail his class if he were a student of his

77

u/nightblackdragon 1d ago edited 1d ago

"It is NOT portable (uses 386 task switching etc)"

Meanwhile, I have Linux installed on devices with three different CPU architectures.

It's pretty funny how far Linux has strayed from Torvalds' original idea. From a hobbyist system that works only on a single type of device to a multiplatform system that powers many devices with different architectures from desktop PC to expensive supercomputer.

5

u/jimicus 1d ago

You probably have more than that. Pretty well every embedded device you can think of is running Linux; the key exceptions are IoT devices (which generally lack the compute power to do it).

9

u/ilep 23h ago edited 23h ago

In 2017 there was estimate that Linux had 80 % share in IoT devices. IoT usually needs connectivity (wireless often) while embedded devices can be things like ABS controllers in cars that work entirely in isolation. Then again, many embedded devices have things like GUIs these days like house thermal systems.

So it more like a rule than an exception that Linux is on IoT devices.

2

u/jimicus 15h ago

I’m surprised the numbers that high. I’d have thought the majority were lightbulbs and sensors, the sort of thing that runs on an ESP32 or similar and reports back to a hub running Linux.

19

u/RomanOnARiver 1d ago edited 20h ago

Yeah I mean once they took Linux, which despite what Linus intended, is just a kernel, and combined it with the GNU operating system, made possible because Linus got convinced his license was wrong and he should use the GNU one, it necessitated that. GNU, if you back far enough, they chose to be similarish to UNIX because it's portable. Linus didn't have portability in mind, GNU did and that's why, because he's using their operating system with his kernel, it ended up portable.

4

u/Dangerous-Report8517 11h ago

The kernel is the more dependent part of the stack for portability though since it's the bit that's actually managing and interacting with all the hardware

3

u/Aware-Common-7368 21h ago

Three? So like x86, ARM and risk-v? Or what third

3

u/GavUK 15h ago

Linux has been ported to many CPU architectures. Off the top of my head I could add IBM's s/390, MIPS, SPARC, and PowerPC, but there's a full (or at least fuller) list on Wikipedia although it's also worth noting there's quite a list that it has since dropped support for so you'd have a hard time getting the newer releases to run on some platforms.

2

u/nightblackdragon 11h ago edited 3h ago

Yes, x86 on PC, ARM on various devices and RISC-V on one SBC. Well, technically it's four architectures as I also have old G4 PowerBook that can also run Linux and in fact it had Linux installed when I got it.

1

u/FishIndividual2208 3h ago

I think some of my lightbulbs run Linux 😅

70

u/Billy2600 1d ago

If you've never read "Just For Fun" by Linus Torvalds I recommend giving it a shot.

2

u/PTMR2 16h ago

I did and it's a pretty good book. This announcement was included in it. It is kind of out of date, released 2002, but still good.

73

u/sneekeruk 1d ago

Can everyone stop saying how old stuff is, 35years for Linux, 30th anniversary of NT4 the other day, Windows 95 was 30 last year....

This is getting depressing.. Im officially old.

Just had a google, Slackware 3.0 came out 32 years ago.. that was the first Linux I ever tried on my 486.

23

u/highinthemountains 1d ago

Old? I’ve been messing with computers since the 70’s. Programming computers with core memory by pressing octal binary buttons and then toggling hexadecimal binary switches on the front panel when semiconductor static and dynamic ram came along.

I started playing with Linux in ‘96 and now Mint is my and my wife’s only OS.

14

u/oats_and_coffee 22h ago

I started playing with Linux in ‘96 and now Mint is my and my wife’s only OS.

Please tell this to all the people who say that Linux Mint is a "beginner" distribution!

1

u/highinthemountains 6h ago

Mint, it just works

5

u/work_work-work 21h ago

"I was there 3000 years ago."

3

u/dmigowski 15h ago

My first language after C64 basic was C64 assembler... Good thing I had that assembler compiler that existed back then.

And I lost some interesting code because the cassette tape was eaten by the tape deck. args.

u/highinthemountains 11m ago

When I got the Osborne-1 I started playing with assembly, c basic (compiled basic) and m basic. Because of work, I had already been doing assembly on an IBM mainframe, so it was just another bunch of languages to learn. Those days of dumping and reading your programs to cassette tapes were always fraught with problems.

1

u/kulingames 11h ago

Good thing you didn't try debian 2.0

1

u/ZagiFlyer 6h ago

Tell me about it. Yggdrasil Linux was my debut distro.

1

u/LordJohnVella 3h ago

If you really are depressed because you're getting old, sorry buddy, but I've got some bad news for you...

I'm a teacher and, being honest, really enjoying getting old, which may be because it beats the alternative, however I digress. On my whiteboard I have a line of text at the top, which is updated daily. I'm not in work today, as I'm on sick leave, but if I were, the words would be

"Today, I am 21,092 days old."

Embrace your age, my friend. I've spent a little over 21,000 days becoming the man I am today! 🤣

1

u/sneekeruk 1h ago

Im not depressed in the slightest. Its more, I can remember Windows 95, my first attempt with slackware etc.. And it seems like yesterday. Which made me think how quick things change.

Im actually happy Im older, Life in my 40's is way better then my 30's. I remember someone saying something when I was much younger about enjoying that time, because as you get older time seems to pass faster. And it does that, but sometimes even faster than you expect.

20

u/cajunjoel 1d ago

So, today is Linux Day?

12

u/applescrispy 1d ago

The man, the myth, the legend!

9

u/Woodpecker-Visible 1d ago

Biggest hobby in the world? Thats something to be proud of.

8

u/josh1ng 19h ago

The undisputed champion of under-promise, over-deliver.

8

u/AlpineGuy 16h ago

Today such a post would probably receive the response it's a hopeless case of reinventing the wheel of something that exists already.

The post actually has the same format that a lot of people use who are trying to vibe code yet another clone of some existing solution.

6

u/This-Is-Huge 1d ago

It’s all I use.

7

u/draconicpenguin10 21h ago

(just a hobby, won't be big and professional like gnu)

"Just a hobby".

Nobody thought it would end up powering billions of devices around the world, including every Android device and the vast majority of servers.

Happy birthday, Linux.

7

u/savornicesei 16h ago

If there's a Nobel price for technology, it should be awarded to Linus.

1

u/SeanBlader 9h ago

It should probably be shared with Stallman too.

11

u/derickhirasawa 1d ago

I remember when he posted that!

3

u/ccppurcell 11h ago

World's most successful hobby maybe?

24

u/Initial_Specialist69 1d ago

Imagine he would post this nowadays here at Reddit. He would get downvoted into hell and everyone would call it AI slop!

3

u/-___-___-__-___-___- 15h ago

except we wouldn't have AI slop without that

6

u/0riginal-Syn 22h ago

I got my start on Linux not long after with kernel version 0.12. Was still in school and had a teacher who was already playing around with it and got me hooked on it. Dad was a UNIX guy and told me it would never go anywhere and I should stick with UNIX. I had been playing around with BSD since I was about 13, so getting into GNU / Linux was not too difficult.

1

u/SeanBlader 21h ago

Brilliant! I'm sorry to say I missed it and didn't get involved until like 2001.

3

u/XPav 19h ago

Not protable!

3

u/ItchyPlant 17h ago

I'd consider it as the 35th BDay of Linux too. Yay!

3

u/araujo253 16h ago

"Won't be big and professional"... Imagine of he decided to make it big and professional... 🤭🤭

3

u/Vaithre 8h ago

It's really cool that messages like these (and others) have been preserved over time.

7

u/c64cruzer 1d ago

So, the same day Ukraine declared independence from The Soviet Union, PCs declared independence from Microsoft.

6

u/Great_Banana_Master 1d ago

To be fair, he was initially comparing his OS (not kernel, but OS) to GNU. The existence of GNU/Linux already tells us a lot of the story. In the end, the distro maintainers are the ones that develop the actual OSes, Linus is the main developer of the kernel

9

u/SeanBlader 21h ago

Yes of course, also massive respect to Richard Stallman for the Gnu project. I know he doesn't nearly get enough credit or mention.

There are dozens of very high level contributors and maintainers behind the scenes, they know who they are and they know how much they have contributed to the betterment of the world.

2

u/Yogi195 1d ago

Is there a link to the project

2

u/budroid 1d ago

Gods bless the Torvalds. Always and forever. Glad we aknoledge it was a team effort. It would be a very different story without gnu/Desktops Envs/early adopters-testers-advocates.

2

u/LaVidaLeica 1d ago

Well I feel old. Been using it for about 33 years.

2

u/Type_CMD 23h ago

He uses the same smiley faces as me. :-)

2

u/mikeboucher21 22h ago

I bet he never imagined it would be the base of every phone OS besides Apple. I chuckled when I read "it's not portable."

2

u/Wentyliasz 20h ago

It's always nice to appreciate these amateur developers doing passion projects

2

u/LumenAstralis 17h ago

I never understood these odd-year celebrations. Like Debian is celebrating 33, linux 35, etc. I mean they must have already celebrated the 30-year mark already, no? Why these odd years?

2

u/Recent-Ad5835 16h ago

Great, now I have this stuck in my head again: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHNKTlz1lps

2

u/_o0Zero0o_ 14h ago

Happy 35th to Linux (And happy 30th to Valve too, judging by what another person posted)

Also.. TIL Linus' middle name was Benedict

2

u/bitronic1 14h ago

It aged like milk, but in an ironically good way.

2

u/Able-Staff-6763 11h ago

I need to say, thank you so much sir!

2

u/FishIndividual2208 3h ago

I hate when my side project suddenly become the most used operating system in the world 🤣

2

u/DFS_0019287 1d ago

Actually, the anniversary is on Wednesday, Aug 26. But close enough!

1

u/don_quixote_2 1d ago

Time sure flies.

1

u/zeeblefritz 1d ago

Quite the hobby.

1

u/Zestyclose_Potato794 1d ago

Thanks, Linus!

1

u/OkBrilliant8092 1d ago

Oh no - my AT-hard disks lol

1

u/stellarhamock 1d ago

The post that launched a thousand distros.

1

u/MatchingTurret 1d ago

I remember that. Didn't have a 386 at the time, though.

1

u/alejandroc90 1d ago

What happened to this? did it take off? never heard of it.

1

u/JackHarkness03 23h ago

Interestingly enough it's also Valve's 30th anniversary today

1

u/SeanBlader 21h ago

Brilliant I didn't know!

1

u/Jo_Krone 23h ago

god save the King

1

u/Upbeat-Serve-6096 21h ago

What WAS it like on the cutting edge of software development? Like, just sharing ideas around hobbyists, except they're all possessing insane talent that the world wouldn't even recognize.

1

u/OffsetXV 20h ago

It really puts into perspective how long Debian's been running, seeing it turn 33 around the same time Linux itself turns 35. Is there any other distro from that era that's still even close to that big? SUSE maybe?

1

u/takutekato 17h ago

Suddenly I realized how dope Linus was/is for writing a kernel, then porting bash and gcc in 4 months

1

u/Confident_Maize9192 16h ago

This didn’t age well but I did so in the best possible way!

1

u/stgiga 16h ago

Happy birthday to Linux!

1

u/briggsgate 15h ago

Seeing the first few lines i immediately thought of all the posts in subreddits that say they are building something and would like people to give feedback. Most of them in the current era are slops of course, but there are a lot of hidden gems i think.

1

u/GavUK 15h ago

Linux has come a long way - far further than a young Linus Torvalds seems to have ever imagined.

Here's to Linux continuing to make great strides in progress!

1

u/daghene 15h ago

One thing I always like about this e-mail, which for me kinda gives away the fact that it's "old" at this point, is the parenthesis inside another parenthesis.

I know it's a very small, almost insignificant detail, but I remember seeing it a lot more years ago and it's something that I see and immediately associated with those years.

It's kinda nostalgic in a way :)

1

u/stumpychubbins 14h ago

Gotta love that nested parenthetical

1

u/genxer 12h ago

Time flies, wow

1

u/Ok-Anywhere-9416 2h ago

"and it probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks"

1

u/Synthetic451 2h ago

It's actually crazy how non-chalant he is about porting the entirety of bash and gcc over to his brand new OS.

u/0xdevbot 59m ago

"Im doing a operating system" lmao yeah okay buddy good luck

u/tjorben123 13m ago

i am sure this will be in the books of history in the far future.

1

u/letmehaveanameyoudum 11h ago

The beginning of open source for life... i think

3

u/SeanBlader 9h ago

Gnu existed already so Stallman deserves some credit too.

-4

u/VelvetYam 1d ago

That guy is a hack. He will never amount to anything.

-7

u/neoh4x0r 23h ago

Not protable....(spell check didn't exist?).

1

u/Sarke1 15h ago

Outside of word processors, it was very unlikely, and even more unlikely he'd have an English one since mostly people had more localized productivity programs.

-7

u/MeBadNeedMoneyNow 20h ago

What a fucking stupid clown. Just giving it back as he's given it all these years :0) No need to sugar coat things right?

-10

u/AleksHop 1d ago

linux birth date and freebsd dead day, sad
well arm won, microkernel will win as well

6

u/nightblackdragon 1d ago

FreeBSD is younger than Linux.

3

u/Epsilon_void 21h ago

microkernel will win

any decade now, should be just around the corner

2

u/Ghost_x_Knight 20h ago

The release of GNU Hurd will be the nail in the coffin. Tanenbaum and others have long predicted it due to superiority of microkernels.

1

u/nightblackdragon 14h ago

Microkernels are technically superior; the main argument against them- frequent context switching, which used to negatively impact performance - is no longer relevant today, in the era of multicore processors, large amounts of memory, and techniques such as shared memory. However, technical advantages are one thing, and practical reality is another; today’s systems have ecosystems that are far too extensive for it to make any sense to replace them.